Studier gjeldende medikamenter

 

Albendazole

Phase I clinical trial to determine maximum tolerated dose of oral albendazole in patients with advanced cancer.

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2010 Feb;65(3):597-605. doi: 10.1007/s00280-009-1157-8.

4 out of 24 assessable patients (16%) had a tumor marker response with a fall of at least 50% from baseline values and another patient had a prolonged period of stable marker response. A decline in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels was observed.

 

 

 

Chloroquine

Chloroquine-containing compounds: A patent review (2010-2014).

The review highlights the rationale, chemical structures, biological evaluation and potential therapeutic application of CQ, its derivatives and compositions

 

 

Digitalis

Is digitalis a therapy for breast carcinoma?

Oncol Rep. 1999 May-Jun;6(3):493-6.

These observations were statistically significant although the statistical analysis was hampered in the life-table analysis by the fact that only 2/32 patients on digitalis died from breast cancer. Serious consideration should be given to the effects of digitalis derivatives on cancer cells in cancer drug design. This field of research is not sufficiently explored and holds promise to contain drugs superior to present-day adjuvant therapy both with respect to effects and side-effects.

 

Dipyridamole

DIPYRIDAMOLE FOR TREATMENT OF MELANOMA

The Lancet, Volume 325, Issue 8430, Page 693, 23 March 1985

These doctors for the past 11 years had been maintaining melanoma patients with Clark’s level IV and III disease on dipyridamole, 300 mg a day. Thirty of these patients were maintained on this dose of dipyridamole. Of them, 26 had level IV disease and four had level III disease. At five years, the survival of the level IV patients was 74%. The five-year survival for the total of the 30 of level IV and III disease was 77%. None of the level III patients died. 

 

 

Doxycycline

Bacteria-Eradicating Therapy With Doxycycline in Ocular Adnexal MALT Lymphoma: A Multicenter Prospective Trial

J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Oct 4;98(19):1375-82.

Doxycycline administration was associated with an overall response rate of 64% and a 2-year failure-free survival of 67% in patients with Cp -associated OAL. Tumor remission was observed even in patients with multiple failures, i.e., those with involvement of regional lymph nodes and those with lesions that arose in previously
irradiated areas.

 

Edelfosine

United States Patent     6,514,519
Nagler     February 4, 2003

Abstract

Octadecyl-2-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (edelfosine) is suitable for the treatment of brain tumors and can therefore be used to produce a drug for the treatment of brain tumors which can also be administered orally. 

 

 

 

 

LDN

 

 

Mebendazole

 

 

Metformin

Metformin and Prostate Cancer: Benefit for Development of Castration-resistant Disease and Prostate Cancer Mortality.

Eur Urol. 2012 Dec 14. pii: S0302-2838(12)01472-8. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.12.004. [Epub ahead of print]

To our knowledge, our results are the first clinical data to indicate that metformin use may improve PSA-RFS, DMFS, PCSM, OS, and reduce the development of CRPC in prostate cancer patients. Further validation of metformin’s potential benefits is warranted. 

 

Sildenafil (Viagra)

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition augments endogenous antitumor immunity by reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cell function

J Exp Med. 2006 Nov 27;203(12):2691-702. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil) are agents currently in clinical use for nonmalignant conditions. We report the use of PDE5 inhibitors as modulators of the antitumor immune response. In several mouse tumor models, PDE5 inhibition reverses tumor-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms and enables a measurable antitumor immune response to be generated that substantially delays tumor progression.

 

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and its prognostic value in prostate cancer.

Anticancer Res. 2001 Jul-Aug;21(4B):3101-6.

CONCLUSION: iNOS has been related to stimulative and suppressive effects on cancer cell growth, but the prognostic value of iNOS has not been previously studied in PC. Here we could demonstrate an association between strong iNOS expression and rapid cancer cell proliferation rate, dedifferentiation and advanced stage cancer. The strong iNOS expression was a predictor of poor survival in univariate analysis, but was inferior to established prognostic factors in multivariate analysis.

 

Sulindak

Chemoprevention by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs eliminates oncogenic intestinal stem cells via SMAC-dependent apoptosis

Wei Qiu, et al. PNAS November 1, 2010. Published online ahead of print November 1, 2010, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1010430107

These results suggest that effective chemoprevention of colon cancer by NSAIDs lies in the elimination of stem cells that are inappropriately activated by oncogenic events through induction of apoptosis. 

 

Mistelstein

[Efficacy and safety of long-term complementary treatment with standardized European mistletoe extract (Viscum album L.) in addition to the conventional adjuvant oncologic therapy in patients with primary non-metastasized mammary carcinoma. Results of a multi-center, comparative, epidemiological cohort study in Germany and Switzerland].

Arzneimittelforschung. 2004;54(9):563.

The results of the present study confirmed the safety of the complementary therapy of patients with primary, non-metastatic mammary carcinoma with a standardized mistletoe extract and showed considerably fewer ADRs attributed to concurrent conventional therapy, as well as reduced disease and treatment-associated symptoms, and suggested a prolonged overall survival in the mistletoe extract group as compared with controls. 

 

Survival of glioma patients after complementary treatment with galactoside-specific lectin from mistletoe.

Anticancer Res. 2000 May-Jun;20(3B):2073-6.

Non-stratified analysis of all the patients revealed non-relevant prolongation of relapse-free intervals/overall survival time for the treatment group. However, analysis of stratified stage III/IV glioma patients demonstrated: 1. a tendency for a prolongation of relapse-free survival for patients of the treatment group (17.43 +/- 8.2 months) vs. the control group (10.45 +/- 3.9 months) 2. a statistically significant (BRESLOW p = 0.035) prolongation of the overall survival for the treatment group (20.05 +/- 3.5 months) as compared to the control group (9.90 +/- 2.1 months). These promising data warrant confirmation in a GCP-based prospectively randomized (multicenter) study, which is currently under consideration.

 

Valproic acid

Valproic acid was well tolerated in heavily pretreated pediatric patients with high-grade glioma.

J Neurooncol. 2008 Dec;90(3):309-14. Epub 2008 Aug 5.

The tumor status when starting the drug was: no measurable disease in 12, measurable but stable disease in 12, and measurable progressive disease in 22 patients. Average trough blood levels of VPA were 99 mg/l. The most frequent complaint was somnolence (three patients), but no severe toxicity was reported. One relapse patient responded, early progression of disease was observed in three frontline patients and in six relapsed patients. Median overall survival duration for all patients was 1.33 years, with large differences between first-line (5-year overall survival, 44%) and relapse therapy (5-year overall survival, 14%). This shows that valproate is safe in this patient population. The moderate tumor efficacy encourages studying the drug further as an element of multi-agent protocols.